in a recent review article InCell, Jon Lundberg and Eddie Weitzberg, researchers at the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet Summary Nitric oxide (NO) research focuses on what is happening now.
About 40 years ago, when nitric oxide was discovered as a neurotransmitter, it made the whole research Surprised. Few would have thought that a gas known as a harmful air pollutant would form in our bodies and serve many very important functions. These include regulating blood flow and controlling blood pressure, which also won the Nobel Prize in 1998.
Although the field is very large, with over one hundred thousand publications on the topic, according to Surprisingly few new clinical approaches or new treatments have emerged from it, the authors say. But they write that, from a Swedish perspective, there are two ways to stand out:
“In this case Two methods that are still interesting under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the five NO-related methods are based on the original findings of Karolinska Institutet. It is given to freshmen with severe lung disease. The method of inhaling NO in children is also the method of measuring exhaled NO, said Jon Lundberg, professor of nitric oxide pharmacology.
Other newer approaches from pharmaceutical companies include so-called guanylate cyclase stimulators, drugs that act downstream of NO to increase cGMP formation, or cyclic guanosine monophosphate, a molecule that acts as a messenger inside the cell of cyclic nucleotides. These drugs are used today to treat heart failure and so-called pulmonary hypertension. Other drugs related to NO are the vasodilator nitroglycerin, which is used in angina and works through NO release. The article also mentions western Denafil, a drug used to treat impotence, works by inhibiting the breakdown of cGMP.
Proven effects on bodily functions
The authors of the review article also elucidate an alternative pathway for NO formation, which they discovered in the 1990s, through so-called inorganic nitrates. It is abundant in some vegetables and is converted to NO in our body through a system that also involves oral bacteria. The usual pathway for NO formation in the body is through the so-called NO synthase, which uses L-arginine and oxygen to form NO. NO from nitrate is independent Oxygen is not required for NO synthase, but it is still the same NO and has the same effect on the body. In this way, nitrate intake can lower blood pressure. Nitrate has another effect, which is Lundberg and Discovered by accident by Weitzberg. Reduces oxygen consumption during physical labor, thus performing the same work with less oxygen consumption. Athletes around the world today use this effect to improve performance :
“We’re actually a little proud that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) recently released a consensus report stating that nitrates are one of only four proven One of the dietary supplements that has an impact on physical performance,” concludes Jon Lundberg.
More information: Jon O. Lundberg et al, Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease The role in, cells (2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.010Journal information: Cell
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